Screen Printing Design Guide

1. Understanding File Types: Vector vs. Raster

  • Vector Images (Preferred): Vector files are created using mathematical paths, which allows them to be scaled infinitely without losing quality. Vector files are ideal for screen printing as they maintain sharp edges and clean details, regardless of size.
    • Common Vector Formats: AI (Adobe Illustrator), EPS, and PDF.
    • Where to Create Vectors: Adobe Illustrator is the industry-standard software for creating vector files.
  • Raster Images: Raster images (also known as bitmap images) are made up of pixels. When scaled up, these images can lose quality and appear pixelated.
    • Common Raster Formats: JPEG, PNG, PSD (Adobe Photoshop).
    • Best for Raster Images: Raster images can work for screen printing but must be high resolution (300 DPI or higher) and properly sized for print.

2. Setting Up Your File in Adobe Illustrator (Vector)

  • Create Your Document in CMYK Color Mode: Screen printing inks are based on solid colors, so set your Illustrator file to CMYK to best match print colors.
  • Convert Fonts to Outlines: To ensure your text prints correctly, select your text and use Type > Create Outlines. This prevents font issues and maintains design accuracy.
  • Save as AI, EPS, or PDF: Save your artwork in one of these vector formats for the best screen printing quality.

3. Setting Up Your File in Adobe Photoshop (Raster)

  • Resolution Requirements: Set your file to a minimum of 300 DPI (dots per inch) to ensure your design is sharp and clear. Lower resolutions will appear blurry when printed.
  • Sizing Your Artwork: Design at the actual size you want it to appear on the garment. For example, if you want a 12” x 12” design on a T-shirt, set up your Photoshop file to those exact dimensions.
  • Work in CMYK Color Mode: Although Photoshop defaults to RGB, CMYK is best for print accuracy. Go to Image > Mode > CMYK Color to switch modes.
  • Save as PSD, PNG, or TIFF: When exporting, keep your file in a high-quality format that preserves transparency (such as PNG or TIFF), especially for designs without a background.

4. Ensuring High Quality: DPI and Sizing Guidelines

  • What is DPI? DPI stands for "dots per inch" and refers to the print resolution of an image. 300 DPI is the minimum resolution for screen printing to avoid pixelation.
  • Sizing Artwork Correctly: If your artwork isn’t sized correctly at 300 DPI, resizing it in Photoshop or Illustrator after the fact won’t improve quality. Design at the intended size from the start for best results.
  • Vector Advantage: Because vector files don’t rely on DPI, they’re ideal for resizing. A vector logo can be scaled from a business card size to a full T-shirt back without any loss in quality.

5. File Type Summary: Which to Use and When

File Type Software Format Extension Best Use Case Notes
AI Illustrator .ai Vector logos, text Maintain as vector for scalable quality.
EPS Illustrator .eps Vector logos, text Supports vector graphics in many programs.
PDF Illustrator .pdf Universal vector file Great for preserving vector detail.
PSD Photoshop .psd High-res raster images Retains layers and editing capabilities.
PNG Photoshop .png Transparent backgrounds Use for high-res, raster designs with transparency.
TIFF Photoshop .tif High-quality raster High-quality, supports large files well.

6. Additional Tips for Preparing Your Design

  • Limit Fine Details: Thin lines or intricate details may not translate well in screen printing. Make sure lines are at least 1 point thick to ensure clarity.
  • Avoid Gradients: Gradients may not print as expected, as screen printing uses solid colors. Consider converting gradients to solid color blocks or halftones for a better result.
  • Check Contrast: Ensure strong contrast between your design colors and the garment color for readability and impact.

7. Proof and Finalize Your Artwork

  • Review Size, Color, and Resolution: Double-check that your file is correctly sized, colors are accurate, and raster images are set to 300 DPI.
  • Request a Proof if Needed: For extra confidence, request a digital proof of your design to see how it will look on the garment before final printing.

Ready to Print?

Following these guidelines ensures your artwork is print-ready, resulting in vibrant and professional-quality screen printing. For questions or help preparing your files, our team at Toronto Screen Printing is here to assist!